How to Clean Your Air Purifier: Complete Guide, Maintenance Tips & More

Cleaning your air purifier is a must-do step in maintaining its effectiveness and prolonging its lifespan. Even though an air purifier naturally cleans the air of micro-pollutants like dust particles, pet dander, odours and bacteria, dust build-up on the surface and smudges from everyday use are hard to avoid. If you’ve just taken your air purifier out from storage, a quick clean ensures it works at its best.

Most air purifiers don’t require special cleaning, but there are things to keep in mind. Below, we’ll walk you through a step-by-step guide to cleaning your air purifier and keeping it running efficiently.

What you’ll need:

• Soft cloth
• Water (in a sink or cup)
• Gentle surface cleaner
• Toothbrush or small brush (optional)

How to Clean an Air Purifier: A Step-by-Step Guide

Regular cleaning ensures your air purifier runs efficiently and lasts longer. Follow these steps to keep it in top condition.

Step 1: Turn Off, Unplug, and Let It Cool

Before cleaning, turn off and unplug the air purifier, allowing it to cool completely. This prevents electrical hazards and protects the internal components.

Step 2: Wipe Down the Exterior

Use a soft, damp cloth to gently wipe the top, sides, back, and control panel. Pay extra attention to vents, corners, and buttons where dust naturally builds up. Avoid harsh chemicals that could damage the surface – a mild, unscented cleaner or diluted vinegar solution works best.

Step 3: Check and Identify the Filter Type

Most air purifiers use one or more of the following filters:

• Pre-filter – Captures large particles like dust and pet hair.
• HEPA filter – Traps fine particles (usually 99.99%), including allergens and bacteria.
• Activated carbon filter – Neutralises odours and vaporised organic compounds.

Refer to the user manual to confirm which filters your purifier has.

Step 4: Clean or Replace the Filter

• Pre-filter: Most are washable. Rinse with lukewarm water and let it dry completely before reinserting.
• HEPA filter: Do not wash it unless specified. Instead, gently vacuum it using a low setting to remove trapped dust. Replace it if it’s discoloured or clogged.
• Activated carbon filter: Not washable. Replace it every 3–6 months for optimal performance.

Pro Tip: If your purifier has a filter reset indicator, hold the reset button after replacing the filter to clear alerts.

Step 5: Reassemble and Restart

Once everything is clean and dry:

• Reinsert the filters in the correct order.
• Plug in and turn on the air purifier.
• Check that the airflow is smooth and that there are no warning lights.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

Strange Smell After Cleaning

If you notice a strange smell coming from your air purifier after cleaning, it’s likely due to moisture or residue left on the filter or inside the unit. This can happen if you didn’t allow the filter or components to dry properly before reinstalling them.

To resolve this, make sure all parts, especially the filter, are completely dry before putting them back into the unit. If the smell persists, it could be time to replace the filter, especially if it has been used for a long time.

You can also try placing a small amount of activated charcoal or a dehumidifier nearby to help absorb odors if the smell continues to linger.

Air Purifier Not Working Properly

If your air purifier seems like it’s not working as expected, the first thing to check is whether the filter is inserted correctly. Some models have sensors that prevent the unit from functioning properly if the filter isn’t aligned correctly or if the cover isn’t securely closed.

Another common cause could be power issues. Ensure that the unit is plugged in correctly and that the power source is working. If the purifier has a power button or settings you can reset, try doing that to clear any potential glitches. Additionally, check the user manual for any error codes or troubleshooting steps specific to your model.

Loud Noise or Reduced Airflow

If your air purifier is making unusual noise or if airflow is noticeably weaker than usual, the filter may be clogged with dust and debris. A clogged filter restricts airflow, which can make the unit work harder and produce more noise.

First, remove the filter and gently vacuum it if your model allows it. If the filter appears worn or too dirty to clean effectively, it’s best to replace it. In some cases, the unit’s fan may also be obstructed by debris, so make sure to clean around the fan blades and vents.

If the noise continues even after cleaning or replacing the filter, the fan motor could be malfunctioning, and you might need to contact the manufacturer for further assistance.

Air Purifier Is Turning Off Unexpectedly

If your air purifier shuts off unexpectedly, it could be an issue with overheating, especially if it’s been running continuously for a long period. Make sure the unit is placed in an area with enough ventilation and not too close to walls or corners that could block airflow.

Additionally, check if the air filter is too clogged, as restricted airflow can cause the unit to overheat. Let the unit cool down for a while and consider running it on a lower setting or periodically turning it off to prevent overheating.

Weak Performance or Insufficient Air Cleaning

If your air purifier seems to be running but isn’t effectively cleaning the air, it might be due to an old or inefficient filter. Filters should be replaced regularly, as per the manufacturer’s guidelines—typically every 6 to 12 months, depending on usage.

If your filter is nearing the end of its life, it may not capture particles as efficiently. Another issue could be the placement of the unit.

If it’s too close to a wall, or obstructed by furniture, the air intake and outflow may be restricted, reducing its effectiveness. Try relocating the unit to a more open area for better airflow and performance.

Air Purifier Is Blowing Warm Air

If your air purifier is blowing warm air, it’s likely because the fan is running but the filter is too dirty to properly cool the air. This can happen when the filter gets saturated with dust and pollutants, causing the unit to struggle to process the air.

Clean or replace the filter to restore its ability to cool and clean the air properly. Another possible cause could be a malfunctioning fan, so if cleaning or replacing the filter doesn’t resolve the issue, it may be time to consult the user manual or customer service.

Air Quality Indicator Is Stuck or Not Changing

Many air purifiers come with an air quality indicator that changes color to show the current air quality. If this indicator isn’t changing, or it’s stuck on a certain color, the sensor might be dirty or malfunctioning.

Try cleaning the sensor (often located near the intake area) with a soft cloth to remove any dust or debris. If the issue persists, it could be a deeper sensor issue, and you may need to replace the sensor or contact customer service.

How to Clean a HEPA Filter

HEPA filters (High Efficiency Particulate Air) are the most effective and recommended filters for air purifiers. They trap up to 99.99% of fine particles like dust, pollen, and bacteria, ensuring your air purifier works effectively. However, most HEPA filters are not washable, and improper cleaning can damage them. Follow this guide to keep yours in top condition.

Step 1: Check if Your HEPA Filter is Washable

Look for “washable” or “permanent” on the label or user manual. Standard HEPA filters should not be washed, as doing so can ruin the fibres and reduce efficiency. If you can’t find a label, it’s best to avoid washing it.

Step 2: Vacuum the Filter (If Washable)

Use a soft brush attachment on a vacuum cleaner. Gently remove dust without pressing too hard, as excessive force can damage the filter.

Step 3: Replace If Necessary

If the filter is discoloured, clogged, or overused, replace it as per the manufacturer’s recommendations. HEPA filters typically last 6–12 months, depending on air quality and usage.

Step 4: Reinsert & Reset

Once clean or replaced, securely place the filter back in the purifier. If your purifier has a filter reset button, press and hold it to clear any alerts.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Washing a non-washable HEPA filter – This ruins its filtration ability.
• Using soap, water, or chemical cleaners – These can break down the filter material.
• Vacuuming too aggressively – Can damage the delicate fibres.
• Skipping replacement – A clogged filter reduces efficiency and can even release trapped pollutants back into the air.
• Forgetting to unplug the purifier before cleaning – Always ensure safety first.

Air Purifier Maintenance and Hygiene

Taking care of your air purifier is key to keeping it running efficiently and extending its lifespan. Regular cleaning ensures it operates smoothly, while disinfecting can help maintain hygiene, especially in homes with allergies, pets, or smokers.

How Often to Clean Your Air Purifier

• Exterior cleaning: Clean the exterior of your air purifier, including the control panel and vents, once every 1–2 weeks. This helps remove dust, fingerprints, and other debris that may accumulate from everyday use.
• Filter cleaning: For washable filters, clean them every 1–2 months, depending on use. Non-washable filters, such as HEPA filters, typically need to be replaced every 6–12 months, depending on the manufacturer’s guidelines.
• Deep cleaning: At least once every 3 months, give your air purifier a more thorough clean, including vacuuming the filter (if washable) and ensuring all parts are free of dust and debris.

How Often to Disinfect Your Air Purifier

Disinfection can be done less frequently than cleaning. Disinfect your air purifier only when it’s necessary typically once every 3–6 months or if it’s been exposed to bacteria, smoke, or mould. Use a gentle disinfectant spray on the surface and wipe with a soft cloth, but avoid spraying directly on the filters.

Recommended Cleaning Products:

• Mild dish soap (diluted with water) – Safe for wiping down surfaces without damaging materials.
• White vinegar (diluted with water) – Effective for cleaning and sanitising without harsh chemicals.
• Isopropyl alcohol (70%) – Ideal for disinfecting the control panel and other electronics.
• Microfiber cloths – These are soft and non-abrasive, making them perfect for wiping down delicate surfaces.

Products to Avoid:

• Bleach – Can damage the filter material and cause the purifier to release harmful chemicals into the air.
• Ammonia-based cleaners – Harsh on the filter and can degrade components over time.
• Aerosol sprays or air fresheners – These can leave residue that clogs the filter and impacts the purifier’s performance.
• Rough or abrasive cloths – Avoid anything that could scratch or damage the surface of the purifier, such as paper towels or rough sponges.

Additional Tips for Effective Maintenance

• Keep the air purifier in a clean, dry space to prevent dust and grime from building up quickly.
• Monitor the filter indicator (if your model has one) and replace filters regularly to maintain airflow and air quality.
• Choose a HEPA filter or other high-efficiency filter when possible for better filtration of small particles like dust and allergens.

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